Spread of Africanized Honey Bees in the United States

Frequently-anticipated questions:

• What does this data set describe?
  1. How should this data set be cited?
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
• Who produced the data set?
  1. Who are the originators of the data set?
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
• Why was the data set created?
• How was the data set created?
  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
• How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?
  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the data, including topology?
• How can someone get a copy of the data set?
  1. Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
  2. Who distributes the data?
  3. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  4. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
  5. How can I download or order the data?
• Who wrote the metadata?

What does this data set describe?

1. How should this data set be cited?

   Service, Agricultural Research , 200603, Spread of Africanized Honey Bees in the United States: National Atlas of the United States, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html?openChapters=chpbio#chpbio>

2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

   West_Bounding_Coordinate: 170

   East_Bounding_Coordinate: -64

   North_Bounding_Coordinate: 72

   South_Bounding_Coordinate: 17

3. What does it look like?

4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

   Beginning_Date: 1990

   Ending_Date: 2005

   Currentness_Reference: Ground condition

5. What is the general form of this data set?

6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
   1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      Indirect_Spatial_Reference:

      U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of The United States, and Associated Areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology.

      U.S. Department of Commerce, 1990, Counties and Equivalent Entities of The United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 6-4): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology.

      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • GT-polygon composed of chains (6138)

   2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000278. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000278. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees.

      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is GRS1980.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
      

7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

   Africanized honeybee occurrences (described by Afrbeep020.dbf)

   An indication of whether Africanized honey bees have been observed in a county, and the year when they were first observed. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Shape

   The representation of the entity in the data. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Value	Definition
   Polygon	2-dimensional element

   Area

   The size of the shape in coverage units. In the distributed file, coverage units represent square decimal degrees. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.000
   Maximum:	73.832

   Perimeter

   The perimeter of the shape in coverage units. In the distributed file, coverage units represent decimal degrees. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.010
   Maximum:	87.571

   Afrbeep020

   Internal feature number. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	2
   Maximum:	6139

   State

   The two-character abbreviation for the name of the State or State equivalent in which the county is located. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Formal codeset
   Codeset Name:	Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of the United States, and Associated Areas; (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 5-2): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
   Codeset Source:	U.S. Department of Commerce

   County

   The name of the county or county equivalent. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Value	Definition
   <blank>	Water areas of the United States for which a county designation is not reported.

   Formal codeset
   Codeset Name:	Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas; (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 6-4): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
   Codeset Source:	U.S. Department of Commerce

   Fips

   The 5-digit FIPS code of the county or county equivalent. Codes ending in 000 indicate water areas for which a county designation is not reported. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Formal codeset
   Codeset Name:	Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas; (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 6-4): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
   Codeset Source:	U.S. Department of Commerce

   State_fips

   The 2-digit FIPS code of the State or State equivalent. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Formal codeset
   Codeset Name:	Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of the United States, and Associated Areas; (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 5-2): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
   Codeset Source:	U.S. Department of Commerce

   Year

   The year in which Africanized honey bees were first observed in the county. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

   Value	Definition
   0	Africanized honey bees have not been observed in the county.

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1990
   Maximum:	2005

Who produced the data set?

1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
   • Agricultural Research Service

2. Who also contributed to the data set?

3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
   Kim Kaplan
   Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture
   10300 Baltimore Blvd
   Beltsville, MD 20705
   

   301-504-1637 (voice)
   [email protected]
   

Why was the data set created?

These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the national level, and for large regional areas. The data should be displayed and analyzed at scales appropriate for 1:2,000,000-scale data. No responsibility is assumed by the National Atlas of the United States in the use of these data.

How was the data set created?

1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

   ARS (source 1 of 4)

   Service, Agricultural Research , Unknown, Spread of Africanized Honey Bees in the United States: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD.

   Type_of_Source_Media: Electronic mail

   Source_Contribution: Spatial and attribute information.

   Atlas_Cnty (source 2 of 4)

   National Atlas of the United States, 200411, County Boundaries of the United States, 2001: National Atlas of the United States, Reston, VA.

   Online Links:

   • <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html?openChapters=chpbound#chpbound>

   Type_of_Source_Media: Online

   Source_Contribution: Spatial information.

   ATLAS-Bees04 (source 3 of 4)

   Service, Agricultural Research , 200412, Spread of Africanized Honey Bees in the United States: National Atlas of the United States, Reston, VA.

   Type_of_Source_Media: Online

   Source_Contribution: Spatial and attribute information.

   ARS06 (source 4 of 4)

   Service, Agricultural Research , 2006, Where are Africanized Honey Bees Now: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD.

   Type_of_Source_Media: Electronic mail

   Source_Contribution: Spatial and attribute information.

2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

   Date: Sep-2004 (process 1 of 2)

   The ARS data were received in a variety of formats, and included information for the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The ARS reports identified the year and the counties in which Africanized honey bees were reported. Working in ArcGIS, Atlas- Cnty, a shapefile of the county boundaries, was modified to include a Year attribute which was then populated with the information from ARS indicating when Africanized bees were first observed in a county. Counties where Africanized honey bees have not been observed were all given a Year value of 0. The result was saved as a new shapefile.

   Data sources used in this process:

   • ARS
   • Atlas-Cnty

   Data sources produced in this process:

   • ATLAS-Bees04

   Date: Feb-2006 (process 2 of 2)

   The ARS06 data were received as a PDF file. Using ARS06 as a reference, ATLAS-Bees04 was edited in ArcView to reflect new observations for 2004 and 2005, as well as corrections for New Mexico. The result was saved as a new shapefile.

   Data sources used in this process:

   • ATLAS-Bees04
   • ARS06

3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

1. How well have the observations been checked?

2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

   This map layer includes AHB observation statistics for all fifty of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands for the years 1990-2005.

5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

   No additional checks for topological consistency were performed on this map layer.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints:

None. Acknowledgment of the National Atlas of the United States of America would be appreciated in products derived from these data.

1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
   Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey
   507 National Center
   Reston, VA 20192
   

   1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747) (voice)
   

   Contact_Instructions:

   In addition to the address above there are other ESIC offices throughout the country. A full list of these offices is at <http://ask.usgs.gov/esic_index.html>.

2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

   Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey regarding the utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. No responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of these data.

4. How can I download or order the data?
   • Availability in digital form:

     Data format:	ESRI Shapefile
     Network links:	<http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html?openChapters=chpbio#chpbio>

     Data format:	SDTS
     Network links:	<http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html?openChapters=chpbio#chpbio>

   • Cost to order the data: There is no charge for the map layer.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:

Last modified: 26-Apr-2006

Metadata author:

Peg Rawson
National Atlas of the United States
12201 Sunrise Valley Dr
Reston, VA 20192

703-648-4183 (voice)
[email protected]

Metadata standard:

FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)