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United States Crimes Database 1994-2000
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Frequently-anticipated questions:
- Title: United States Crimes Database 1994-2000
- Abstract:
-
This map layer shows crime statistics for the United States for the
years 1994-2000, drawn from the Uniform Crime Reporting Program data
compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and archived at the
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR).
Crime data are reported by county and are provided for eight crimes:
murder, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny,
motor vehicle theft, and arson. Statewide allocation data are not
included in this map layer. Crime data are adjusted to compensate for
incomplete reporting by individual law enforcement agencies. See the
online codebook at
<http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/cgi-bin/bob/archive2?study=3451&path=NACJD&docsonly=yes>
for more information. This is an update of the January 2003, map layer;
fields for the above crime statistics, normalized by crime population, have
been added.
- Supplemental_Information:
-
Some of the crime data reported in this file was estimated. Where
agencies reported for 12 months, the data were included as reported.
Where agencies reported for between three and eleven months, the data
were increased by a weight of (12/months reported). Where agencies
reported for one or two months, the actual data were not included,
but estimated data for the entire year were calculated based on rates
computed using data from 12-month reporting agencies within the same
geographic stratum (defined by population group) within that State.
Where agencies did not report at all, no estimations were performed.
For more information on imputation procedures please see
<http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/cgi-bin/bob/archive2?study=3451&path=NACJD&docsonly=yes>
to access the Codebook for ICPSR Study Number 3451.
For additional information on the Uniform Crime Reporting Program,
please see <http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/NACJD/ucr.html>.
- How should this data set be cited?
National Atlas of the United States, 200506, United States Crimes Database 1994-2000: National Atlas of the United States, Reston, VA.
Online Links:
- What geographic area does the data set cover?
- West_Bounding_Coordinate: 172
- East_Bounding_Coordinate: -66
- North_Bounding_Coordinate: 72
- South_Bounding_Coordinate: 18
- What does it look like?
- Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
- Beginning_Date: 1994
- Ending_Date: 2000
- Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
- What is the general form of this data set?
- How does the data set represent geographic features?
- How are geographic features stored in the data set?
- Indirect_Spatial_Reference:
-
U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the Identification of the
States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of the United
States, and Associated Areas (FIPS 5-2): Washington, DC, National
Institute of Standards and Technology.
U.S. Department of Commerce, 1990, Counties and Equivalent Entities of the
United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas (FIPS 6-4):
Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
This is a Vector data set.
It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
- GT-polygon composed of chains (6007)
- What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude.
Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000278.
Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000278.
Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees.
The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
The ellipsoid used is GRS1980.
The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
- How does the data set describe geographic features?
- Crime statistics by county
- The incidence in the United States of Part I offences (murder, rape,
robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny, auto theft, and
arson), as defined and collected by the United States Department of
Justice.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
- Shape
- The representation of the entity in the data.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Value | Definition |
Polygon | 2-dimensional element.
|
- Fid
- Feature identification number
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 6006 |
- State
- The two-character code for the State.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Formal codeset |
Codeset Name: | Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of the United States, and Associated Areas; (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 5-2): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology. |
Codeset Source: | U.S. Department of Commerce |
- County
- The name of the county or county equivalent.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Formal codeset |
Codeset Name: | Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 6-4): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology. |
Codeset Source: | U.S. Department of Commerce |
- Fips
- The 5-digit FIPS code indicating the State and county to which the
statistics apply. The first two digits are the State code, and the
last three digits are the county code.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Formal codeset |
Codeset Name: | Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 6-4): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology. |
Codeset Source: | U.S. Department of Commerce |
- State_fips
- The two-digit code for the State.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Formal codeset |
Codeset Name: | Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of the United States, and Associated Areas; (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 5-2): Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology. |
Codeset Source: | U.S. Department of Commerce |
- Study_noXX
- The four-digit ICPSR identification number for the study number of the
crimes-reported data, for the year ending in XX. The map layer includes
data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 2389 |
Maximum: | 6850 |
- EditionXX
- The edition of the crimes-reported data, for the year ending in XX. The
map layer includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Value | Definition |
1 | The source was the first edition of the crimes-reported data.
|
2 | The source was the second edition of the crimes-reported data.
|
- Case_idXX
- The ICPSR sequential case ID number, for the year ending in XX. The
map layer includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 1 |
Maximum: | 3145 |
- Pop_arrXX
- The population within the county that is served by the agencies
reporting arrests, for the year ending in XX. The map layer includes
data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00). Populations of
jurisdictions that span county lines are allocated by the FBI to the
county that contains the largest proportion of the jurisdiction's
population.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 9519338 |
- Pop_criXX
- The population within the county that is served by the agencies that
actually reported crime data, for the year ending in XX. The map layer
includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00). If all
law enforcement agencies within a county reported crime data, then this
value will be the same as Pop_arrXX for the same year. If some agencies
did not report, then the population served by the non-reporting agencies
was not present in the original FBI file and is not included in the
Pop_criXX value.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 9519338 |
- Ag_arrXX
- The number of agencies in the county that reported arrests, for the
year ending in XX. The map layer includes data for the years from 1994
(XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 146 |
- Ag_criXX
- The number of agencies in the county that reported crimes, for the
year ending in XX. The map layer includes data for the years from 1994
(XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 113 |
- Cov_indXX
- An indication of the proportion of the data that is not estimated, for
the year ending in XX. The map layer includes data for the years from
1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00). A value of 100 indicates that all
agencies in the county reported for 12 months of the year, and none of
the data were estimated. A value of 0 indicates that all data for the
county are based on estimates rather than reported data. The coverage
indicator (CI) for each county is calculated as follows:
CI = (1-(sum((agency pop/pop_arrXX)((12-months reported)/12))))*100
Where agency pop is the population represented by the reporting
agency for that year, and pop_arrXX is the total population for the
county (as defined above). The value for "months reported" will be 0
for agencies reporting 1-2 months of data, because any data provided by
these agencies was set to zero and the data were estimated using the
procedure described above.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0.0000 |
Maximum: | 100.000 |
- IndexXX
- The total number of Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) Index crimes,
excluding arson, for the year ending in XX. The map layer includes data
for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 591795 |
- Mod_indexXX
- The total number of Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) Index crimes,
including arson, for the year ending in XX. The map layer includes data
for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 598717 |
- MurdXX
- The total number of murders, for the year ending in XX. The map layer
includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00). Murder
is defined as the willful (non-negligent) killing of one human being by
another.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 1678 |
- MurdppXX
- The number of murders, for the year ending in XX, normalized by the
crime population for the year ending in XX. The map layer includes
data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Value | Definition |
-9999 | No data available
|
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0.000 |
Maximum: | 0.381 |
- RapeXX
- The total number of forcible rapes, for the year ending in XX. The map
layer includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
Forcible rape is defined as the carnal knowledge of a person, forcibly
and (or) against that person's will; or not forcibly or against the
person's will where the victim is incapable of giving consent.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 3188 |
- RapeppXX
- The number of rapes, for the year ending in XX, normalized by the crime
population for the year ending in XX. The map layer includes data for
the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Value | Definition |
-9999 | No data available
|
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0.000 |
Maximum: | 0.985 |
- RobbXX
- The total number of robberies, for the year ending in XX. The map layer
includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00). Robbery
is defined as the taking, or attempting to take, or anything of value
under confrontational circumstances, by force or threat of force or
violence.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 56116 |
- RobbppXX
- The number of robberies, for the year ending in XX, normalized by the
crime population for the year ending in XX. The map layer includes
data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Value | Definition |
-9999 | No data available
|
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0.000 |
Maximum: | 3.226 |
- AssaXX
- The total number of aggravated assaults, for the year ending in XX. The
map layer includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
Aggravated assault is defined as an attack by one person on another,
where the offender uses a weapon or displays it in a threatening
manner, or where the victim suffers severe bodily injury. This
includes assault with a disease.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 77026 |
- AssappXX
- The number of aggravated assaults, for the year ending in XX, normalized
by the crime population for the year ending in XX. The map layer
includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Value | Definition |
-9999 | No data available
|
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0.000 |
Maximum: | 12.903 |
- BurgXX
- The total number of burglaries, for the year ending in XX. The map
layer includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
Burglary is defined as the unlawful entry into a building or other
structure with the intent to commit a felony or a theft.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 104011 |
- BurgppXX
- The number of burglaries, for the year ending in XX, normalized by the
crime population for the year ending in XX. The map layer includes data
for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Value | Definition |
-9999 | No data available
|
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0.000 |
Maximum: | 29.032 |
- LarcXX
- The total number of larcenies, for the year ending in XX. The map layer
includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00). Larceny
is defined as the unlawful taking of property from another person, and
is also called theft. Motor vehicle thefts are not included.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 236758 |
- LarcppXX
- The number of larcenies, for the year ending in XX, normalized by the
crime population for the year ending in XX. The map layer includes data
for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Value | Definition |
-9999 | No data available
|
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0.000 |
Maximum: | 28.541 |
- Mv_thXX
- The total number of motor vehicle thefts, for the year ending in XX.
The map layer includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000
(XX=00). Motor vehicle theft is defined as the theft of an automobile,
bus, recreational vehicle, truck, or other motor vehicle.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 113027 |
- MvthppXX
- The number of motor vehicle thefts, for the year ending in XX,
normalized by the crime population for the year ending in XX. The map
layer includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Value | Definition |
-9999 | No data available
|
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0.000 |
Maximum: | 6.452 |
- ArsoXX
- The total number of arsons, for the year ending in XX. The map layer
includes data for the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00). Arson is
defined as unlawfully and intentionally damaging or attempting to
damage, real or personal property, by fire or incendiary device.
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0 |
Maximum: | 6922 |
- ArsoppXX
- The number of Arsons, for the year ending in XX, normalized by the crime
population for the year ending in XX. The map layer includes data for
the years from 1994 (XX=94) to 2000 (XX=00).
(Source: National Atlas of the United States)
Value | Definition |
-9999 | No data available
|
Range of values |
Minimum: | 0.000 |
Maximum: | 2.457 |
- Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
- National Atlas of the United States
- Who also contributed to the data set?
- To whom should users address questions about the data?
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research
NACJD, ICPSR
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
800-999-0960 (voice)
734-998-9905 (FAX)
[email protected]
These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the
national level, and for large regional areas. The data should be
displayed and analyzed at scales appropriate for 1:2,000,000-scale data.
No responsibility is assumed by the Department of Justice, the National
Atlas of the United States, or the ICPSR in the use of these data.
- From what previous works were the data drawn?
- Crime94 (source 1 of 10)
-
Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1997, Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data [United States]: County-Level Detailed Arrest and Offense Data, 1994; Study Number 6669: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI.
Online Links:
- Type_of_Source_Media: Online
- Source_Contribution: Crime statistics for 1994
- Crime95 (source 2 of 10)
-
Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1997, Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data [United States]: County-Level Detailed Arrest and Offense Data, 1995; Study Number 6850: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI.
Online Links:
- Type_of_Source_Media: Online
- Source_Contribution: Crime statistics for 1995
- Crime96 (source 3 of 10)
-
Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1998, Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data [United States]: County-Level Detailed Arrest and Offense Data, 1996; Study Number 2389: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI.
Online Links:
- Type_of_Source_Media: Online
- Source_Contribution: Crime statistics for 1996
- Crime97 (source 4 of 10)
-
Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1999, Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data [United States]: County-Level Detailed Arrest and Offense Data, 1997; Study Number 2764: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI.
Online Links:
- Type_of_Source_Media: Online
- Source_Contribution: Crime statistics for 1997
- Crime98 (source 5 of 10)
-
Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2000, Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data [United States]: County-Level Detailed Arrest and Offense Data, 1998; Study Number 2910: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI.
Online Links:
- Type_of_Source_Media: Online
- Source_Contribution: Crime statistics for 1998
- ATLAS-CNTY1990 (source 6 of 10)
-
National Atlas of the United States, 2000, 1990 County Boundaries of the United States: National Atlas of the United States, Reston, VA.
Online Links:
- Type_of_Source_Media: Online
- Source_Contribution: Spatial information
- ATLAS-CRIMES9498 (source 7 of 10)
-
National Atlas of the United States, 200103, United States Crimes Database: National Atlas of the United States, Reston, VA.
Online Links:
- Type_of_Source_Media: Online
- Source_Contribution: Spatial and attribute information
- ATLAS-CRIMES9400 (source 8 of 10)
-
National Atlas of the United States, 200301, United States Crimes Database: National Atlas of the United States, Reston, VA.
Online Links:
- Type_of_Source_Media: Online
- Source_Contribution: Spatial and attribute information
- Crime99 (source 9 of 10)
-
U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2002, Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data [United States]: County-Level Detailed Arrest and Offense Data, 1999; Study Number 3167: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI.
Online Links:
- Type_of_Source_Media: Online
- Source_Contribution: Crime statistics for 1999
- Crime00 (source 10 of 10)
-
U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2002, Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data [United States]: County-Level Detailed Arrest and Offense Data, 2000; Study Number 3451: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI.
Online Links:
- Type_of_Source_Media: Online
- Source_Contribution: Crime statistics for 2000
- How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
- Date: 2000 (process 1 of 3)
-
Comma-delimited text files for individual years, containing selected
attributes, were received from the Bureau of Justice Statistics data
archive (ICPSR) at the University of Michigan. The text files were
loaded into Excel and output in dBase IV format, then loaded into
ArcView for processing. FIPS codes in the data were converted to
strings and leading zeros added as appropriate. The FIPS code for
Dade County, FL was changed in the 1994, 1995, and 1996 files to match
the new FIPS code for Miami-Dade County, FL. Attribute names were
modified to allow combination of data from several years. The
individual year files were merged into one large file and saved in
dBase IV format.
The county boundaries file was loaded into ArcView and the FIPS code
for Dade County was changed to the new code for Miami-Dade County.
The name was also changed. The area of Skagway-Yakatut-Angoon Census
Area, Alaska was divided into Yakatut Borough and Skagway-Hoonah-
Angoon Census Area, and the FIPS codes were adjusted. County
boundaries for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands were deleted.
Twelve polygons that represented water areas were also deleted.
The crimes database was joined to the edited county boundaries file
and the result saved in shapefile format.
Data sources used in this process:
- Crime94
- Crime95
- Crime96
- Crime97
- Crime98
- ATLAS-CNTY1990
Data sources produced in this process:
- Date: Dec-2002 (process 2 of 3)
-
Comma-delimited text files for 1999 and 2000, containing selected
attributes, were received from the Bureau of Justice Statistics data
archive (ICPSR) at the University of Michigan. The text files were
loaded into Excel and output in dBase IV format, then loaded into
ArcView for processing. FIPS codes in the data were converted to
strings and leading zeros added as appropriate. Attribute names were
modified as necessary and the files were merged with ATLAS-CRIMES9498.
The resulting file was saved as a new shapefile.
Data sources used in this process:
- ATLAS-CRIMES9498
- Crime99
- Crime00
Data sources produced in this process:
- Date: Apr-2005 (process 3 of 3)
-
The ATLAS-CRIMES9400 shapefile was loaded into ArcGIS for processing
and editing. A query was run to select records for each year where
the coverage index for a year was greater than zero and the crime
population for the same year was zero, resulting in about 20 selections
for each year. Where there were crime statistics for a particular year
in the selected records, the arrest population value for that year was
substituted for the zero value in the crime population field. If there
were no crime statistics for a particular year in the selected records,
the coverage index was reset to zero. New fields were added for each
crime normalized by population. Queries were run for each year to
detect records with missing data (coverage index was zero, crime
population was zero, and all crime statistics were zero.) The new
fields were populated with the value -9999 for records with no data
available (referred to as missing data by NACJD). For records with
data, the values for the new fields were calculated by dividing the
crime population for a particular year into the crime statistic for that
year and then multiplying the result by 100.
Data sources used in this process:
- What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
National Atlas of the United States, 200506, United States Crimes Database 2001-2002: National Atlas of the United States, Reston, VA.
Online Links:
- How well have the observations been checked?
- How accurate are the geographic locations?
- How accurate are the heights or depths?
- Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
This map layer includes crime statistics for the 50 United States as
collected by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, from reports submitted
by agencies and States participating in the Uniform Crime Reporting
Program. This is a voluntary program so the data may not include reports
from all law enforcement agencies. Data collected for a State but not
attributable to a specific county (Statewide allocations) are not
included.
- How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
No checks for logical consistency were performed on this map layer. For
information on data imputation procedures used in areas where reporting
was less than 100 percent, please see
<http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/cgi-bin/bob/archive2?study=3451&path=NACJD&docsonly=yes>
to access the Codebook for ICPSR Study Number 3451.
Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
- Access_Constraints: None
- Use_Constraints:
-
None. Acknowledgment of the National Atlas of the United States of
America, the ICPSR, and (or) the U.S. Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of
Investigation would be appreciated in products derived from these data.
- Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey
507 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747) (voice)
- Contact_Instructions:
-
In addition to the address above there are other ESIC offices
throughout the country. A full list of these offices is at
<http://geography.usgs.gov/esic/esic_index.html>.
- What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
- What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system
at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made by
the U.S. Geological Survey regarding the utility of the data on any other
system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
No responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of
these data.
- How can I download or order the data?
- Availability in digital form:
- Cost to order the data: There is no charge for this map layer.
- Dates:
- Last modified: 20-May-2005
- Metadata author:
-
Peg Rawson
National Atlas of the United States
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
703-648-4183 (voice)
[email protected]
- Metadata standard:
- FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
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